Analysis and investigation of synchronous machine rotor winding short-circuit fault in a distribution system

Rotor turn short circuit fault of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) in the distribution system has a significant issue caused by unbalance loading. This fault has a significant electromagnetic impact on the rotor winding in relation to the machine's external equipment. As a result, while designing the power system distribution network, the PMSMs rotor winding short circuit current limitation receives majority of attention. For simulation a 3-phase short-circuit model of synchronous generator is developed here by using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Therefore, a method is used to determine a PMSM's internal winding quantity in the event of a short circuit, as well as its location within the distribution network. The PMSM is energized with a small sinusoidal voltage at standstill situation in this suggested approach to compute the synchronous inductance and winding resistance through the output current. It has been demonstrated that the number of shorted windings may be calculated using the variation of output current caused by an internal winding short circuit event under zero fault resistance condition. Except for intricate machine modelling or investigation of machine internal winding short circuit models comprising several tappings, this useful technique can be used to determine fault intensity for a specific synchronous machine. This paper primarily addressed on fault extremity protection strategies using before-fault and after-fault activities by employing harmonic filters. A three-phase synchronous machine model with a protective system is implemented in the distribution network using MATLAB/SIMULINK is taken into consideration in order to verify the findings. The results presented in this work are vital to a complete solution that includes fault reduction techniques. Harmonics elimination and instant fault mitigation techniques with load unbalancing are analyzed based on effective outcomes to judge the system stability and feasibility of the short circuit current intensity assessment.