A case of partial 1p36.1 deletion and partial trisomy 6p diagnosed by karyotype

The deletion of chromosomal region 1p36 is one of the most common sub-telomeric microdeletion syndromes and has distinctive dysmorphic features. On the other hand, partial trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 6 is a rare chromosomal abnormality with a variable phenotype. Objective: To report a case with both chromosome abnormalities, and to highlight the importance of the karyotype as a diagnostic tool in dysmorphology. Clinical case: The case of is presented of a two month-old infant with several craniofacial anomalies, neck haemangioma, sacral pit, rhizomelic shortening, small hands and feet, left unilateral cryptorchidism, and hypotonia. The infant also suffered intrauterine growth restriction and is the product of the eighth pregnancy of a 28 years old woman. Due to the unspecific findings in phenotype, a karyotype was requested, which showed a partial deletion of 1p36.1 and a partial trisomy of chromosome 6. Conclusion: The development of new techniques in molecular biology has improved diagnostic possibilities in medical genetics. However, the traditional karyotype remains as an important diagnostic tool in patients with multiple congenital anomalies. (C) 2016 Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.