The problem on the link between religion and culture or civilization usually it appears to be controversial. Regarding Protestantism, much has been written on its socio-political consequences, especially in the case of Germany, the cradle of Reformation. In this regard, an outstanding aspect is the influence of the protestant worldview on philosophical and political lines of thinking, education and the very nature of the German society. Its "theological" footprint, as it can be said. The chief goal of this work is to constitute a synthesis of the main approaches appeared until today in connection with this question. Some of the suggestions here exposed are well known, however, some nuances or interpretations try to bring some new light into a debate far to be closed and whose consequences have a great impact even today (maybe, especially today), in a globalized world and with a remarkable homogenizer trend. Lastly, it must be pointed out that, while the title makes a reference to "Protestantism", considered in general, as the work tries to analyze its impact on the german issue, it will be focused on the lutheran denomination of Protestantism.