CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY OF THE ABUSE-DEPENDENCE DISTINCTION AS MEASURED BY DSM-IV CRITERIA FOR DIFFERENT PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES

被引:32
|
作者
FEINGOLD, A
ROUNSAVILLE, B
机构
[1] Substance Abuse Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519
关键词
DSM-IV; ABUSE CRITERIA; DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA; QUANTITATIVE MODEL; QUALITATIVE MODEL; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;
D O I
10.1016/0376-8716(95)01142-L
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
This article used the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) to compare the validity of a qualitative and a quantitative model of the abuse-dependence distinction for different psychoactive substances in samples of drug users drawn from drug treatment inpatients, general psychiatric patients, and the community. The hypothesis that DSM-IV abuse criteria differ from dependence criteria in kind rather than degree (a qualitative model) was only occasionally supported by confirmatory factor analyses of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, by patterns of correlations of the two kinds of criteria with Addiction Severity Score (ASI) composites and measures of frequency of substance abuse, and by concurrent/prognostic validity analyses. However, the findings were consistent with a quantitative model of the abuse-dependence distinction that posits that abuse is a mild form of dependence. Whether abuse and dependence categories of users were established from separate DSM-IV criteria for abuse and dependence or from scores from a severity-of-dependence scale based on the pooled DSM-IV dependence and abuse criteria, abusers generally used drugs less than users in the dependence category and reported less problems associated with substance abuse on the ASI.
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页码:99 / 109
页数:11
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