WHY GOLD IS THE NOBLEST OF ALL THE METALS

被引:2985
|
作者
HAMMER, B [1 ]
NORSKOV, JK [1 ]
机构
[1] JOINT RES CTR ATOM TECHNOL,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN
关键词
D O I
10.1038/376238a0
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
THE unique role that gold plays in society is to a large extent related to the fact that it is the most noble of all metals: it is the least reactive metal towards atoms or molecules at the interface with a gas or a liquid. The inertness of gold does not reflect a general inability to form chemical bonds, however-gold forms very stable alloys with many other metals. To understand the nobleness of gold, we have studied a simple surface reaction, the dissociation of H-2 On the surface of gold and of three other metals (copper, nickel and platinum) that lie close to it in the periodic table. We present self-consistent density-functional calculations of the activation barriers and chemisorption energies which clearly illustrate that nobleness is related to two factors: the degree of filling of the antibonding states on adsorption, and the degree of orbital overlap with the adsorbate. These two factors, which determine both the strength of the adsorbate-metal interaction and the energy barrier for dissociation, operate together to the maximal detriment of adsorbate binding and subsequent reactivity on gold.
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页码:238 / 240
页数:3
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