HAZARDOUS-WASTE SOURCE-REDUCTION STUDY WITH TREATED GROUNDWATER RECYCLING

A feasibility study is presented for modifying electroplating processes for source reduction. Ion exchange and reverse osmosis units are suggested to allow reclaiming and recycling of metal solutions. A particular example of water conservation in an electroplating shop is presented for the treatment and utilization of groundwater contaminated by hydrocarbon chemicals, including volatile organic compounds ( VOCs) and gasoline products. Granular carbon adsorption, UV oxidation, and demineralization steps and alkalinity control measures for the groundwater are discussed. Engineering and economic analyses provide a basis for comparing alternative designs. An integrated scheme, including groundwater remediation and source reduction, is feasible for the plating shop. The removal of VOCs and demineralization of the polluted groundwater are important steps. With the integrated plan, 90 % removal or recovery of heavy metals can be achieved, and water usage and wastewater can be reduced by 90 %. Thus, it is feasible to prevent water pollution at the source and to recycle treated groundwater and wastewater for the manufacturing process.