CORTICOSTERONE EFFECTS ON CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE MESSENGER-RNA IN THE CENTRAL NUCLEUS OF THE AMYGDALA AND THE PARVOCELLULAR REGION OF THE PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS

Using in situ hybridization histochemistry, we report differential expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) and the parvocellular region of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) following systemic treatment with corticosterone (CORT) in adrenally-intact rats. Both injection of low (1 mg/kg/day) and high (5 mg/day) CORT reduced CRH mRNA expression in the PVN in a dose-dependent manner, although it returned to normal at the low dose by 14 days. By contrast, the high dose of CORT increased CRH mRNA transiently in the CEA at 4 days, although the low dose of CORT decreased it at 14 days. In a second experiment, we implanted a slowly-releasing CORT pellet for 2 weeks (200 mg, 60 day release) subcutaneously. This treatment produced an elevation of CRH mRNA in the CEA both at 1 and 2 weeks, whereas CRH mRNA in the PVN was decreased to a large extent as seen in the high CORT group of the first experiment. These results suggest that glucocorticoids can facilitate CRH mRNA expression in the CEA, a site implicated in anxiety and fear, while restraining the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as indicated by the reduction in CRH mRNA in the PVN.