SURFACE ANALYTICAL AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF CONDUCTING POLYMERS

Surface analytical and optoelectrochemical measurements were used to clarify the ionic, spectral and electronic changes during oxidation in 3 N NClO4 of electrochemically formed polycarbezole. The differences in band structure at various potentials could be shown using XPS and UPS measurements. Apart from a Fermi level shift, the transition form insulating behaviour to metallic conduction could be followed. The formation of polarons was derived from in situ reflection spectra and photocurrent measurements. Photoelectrochemical measurements also indicate a semiconducting third form in the potential range 0.4–0.7 V (SHE). Copyright © 1990 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.