THE EFFECT OF SODIUM HUMATE ON CADMIUM DEPOSITION IN THE CHICKEN ORGANS

In the chickens with an experimental load of cadmium chloride (CdCl2. 2.5 H2O) at a rate of 0.3 mg per bird and day the effect was investigated of various forms of sodium humate administration in free and/or liposomal form as exerted on cadmium concentrations in liver, kidneys and muscle. The values of the field below the curve (AUC) showing average cadmium concentrations in the investigated tissues of chickens (liver, kidneys, muscle) in the given time interval of 1 - 14 days were higher in all cases in the tissues of chickens which received cadmium, that means in the groups K2, P1, P2, P3 and P4 in comparison with the negative control (K1). Statistical significance of differences was demonstrated in liver and kidneys. No statistically significant changes were observed in the muscle. Simultaneous administration of cadmium and HuNa (P1), and also other methods of HuNa administration (P2, P3, P4) reduced cadmium concentrations in liver, kidneys and muscle statistically significantly only in Pl group in liver and kidneys. Cadmium concentrations on days 1, 3, 8 and 14 after termination of experimental treatments were lowest in the liver of the lst control group (negative control), which received HuNa only (Tab. I). Five-day administration of 0.3 mg cadmium (positive control) influenced its values statistically highly significantly in the liver of all experimental groups in all the investigated time intervals (Tab. I). The first experimental group, which received cadmium simultaneously with HuNa had the statistically significantly lower values on days 3, 8 and 14 in comparison with the positive control. Simultaneous administration of cadmium and HuNa reduces cadmium availability and so its absorption and deposition in liver are lower. Cadmium concentrations on days 1, 3, 8 and 14 after termination of experimental treatments were lowest in the kidneys of chickens of the lst control group (negative control), which received HuNa only (Tab. II). Five-day cadmium administration (positive control) influenced its values in the kidneys of all experimental groups highly statistically significantly in all the investigated time intervals (Tab. II). The first experimental group which received cadmium simultaneously with HuNa had the statistically significantly lower values on days 3, 8 and 14 in comparison with the positive control. Simultaneous administration of cadmium and HuNa reduced cadmium availability and so its absorption and deposition in liver are lower. Cadmium concentrations in the muscle on days 1, 3, 8 and 14 after termination of experimental treatments were lowest in the 1st control group (negative control), which received HuNa only (Tab. III). Five-day administration of cadmium (positive control) increased cadmium concentrations in the muscle tissue statistically significantly only on days 1 and 8 (Tab. III). No significant differences in cadmium concentrations were found in the first experimental group receiving cadmium simultaneously with HuNa.