OF PIGS IN POKES AND POLICY DIFFUSION - ANOTHER LOOK AT PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE

What is the rationale for the adoption, diffusion, and implementation of pay-for-performance programs in the public sector? Patricia Ingraham questions the basis for the common view that private sector experience with pay-for-performance has been successful. Sbe explores the additional problems posed by public management and compensation systems. An examination of implementation of pay-for-performance in the United States and in other OECD nations demonstrates gaps between expectations and realities in public settings. Despite obvious problems, the effort continues to appeal to both elected officials and many public managers. More careful attention to design, resource commitment, and evaluation in public organizations is recommended.