Language testing: the social dimension

In this book, the authors foreground an aspect of language testing that is usually not much discussed and is frequently considered an "advanced" topic: the social dimension of language testing. They see various social dimensions in language testing. There are socially oriented language tests, i.e., tests which assess learners' ability to use language in social settings. These are primarily oral proficiency interviews and tests of second language pragmatics. But the authors also understand "social" as "societal" and look at the larger-scale impact of tests on individual learners or groups of learners by discussing fairness and bias in language testing. They also broaden their view and discuss the role of language testing in a macro-social context, e.g. as accountability measures in education systems, as gatekeeping instruments for migration, and as tools for constructing and defining social groups. Their discussion is anchored in traditional and more recent views of validity theory.