Taking as starting point the work of Rene Girard this article aims to present the anthropological dimension present in the work of this author, highlighting its originality and novelty when thinking man as a social desiring animal. The mimetic theory, as Girard formules, intended to be a theory, placing in the center of its reflection desire and imitation. To understand how to structure the current and archaic societies, starting from anthropological mechanisms to assert that societies structure from the desire of the sacrifices, and the necessity of always being the mechanism of the scapegoat It is from this premise that sacrifice is the first human institution, with the ability to preserve the pharmacological society and enable their subsistence over time. Culture, in turn, is created from the mimetic desire, and the mechanism of the scapegoat mechanism victimizer par excellence that structure society. Considering these three concepts - sacrifice, mimetic desire and the scapegoat mechanism - the article shows how these concepts are related and how they can enrich previous studies on these topics. Unlike other ideas about mimesis, Girard recognizes her role essentially harmful and assigns it along with the desire, the main motive of the subject to violence. That said, let us ask ourselves, how to protect man from his own violence?
