Plant Growth Pattern Study of Hydroponics Mustard (Brassica Rapa Var. Parachinensis L.) in The Controlled Greenhouse

The vegetables should be cultivated in an optimal way to obtain maximum yield. In tropical regions such in Indonesia, the growth of vegetables are influenced by climate factors such as humidity, temperature, nutrients and light. To gain the optimal and controlled condition during the growth periode, mustard plants could be cultivated hydroponically in a greenhouse. This study was conducted to identify the growth pattern of mustard (Brassica rappa var. Parachinensis L.) that hydroponically planted in a greenhouse which is equipped with a temperature, nutrients and light control. The aim of this research is to determine the best factors combination that provide the most optimum growth. This research was conducted by three treatments that were temperature, nutrition, and light. Each of the treatment has three variations : temperature (32 degrees C, 35 degrees C, and 38 degrees C), nutrition (2 mS/cm, 5 mS/cm, and 8 mS/cm), and light (7000 lux, 12000 lux, and 17000 lux) so there were 27 cultivation spaces or greenhouses used with different micro-climates. The growth rate was determined by the area of the leaf and it was measured during 48 days of cultivation. Control in each greenhouse is done by a pump actuator, incandescent bulbs and TL lamps. The result showed that temperature, nutrients and light affect on the growth of mustard. By single factor analysis, we found that maximum leaf area was produced at a temperature of 35 degrees C that was 565 cm(2), nutrition 5 mS/cm that was 639.27 cm(2) and 17000 lux light that was 697.42 cm(2). In short, the best growth rate was obtained at a temperature of 35 degrees C, nutrition of 5 mS/cm, and 17000 lux of light yield 1068.82 cm(2) of leaf area.