CHARACTERIZATION OF GLYCOSYL PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL LIPIDS OF PARASITIC PROTOZOANS - LEISHMANIA-MEXICANA-MEXICANA PROMASTIGOTES, TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI PERU EPIMASTIGOTES AND TRITRICHOMONAS-FETUS

Glycosyl phosphatidylinositol lipids of cultured L. mex. mexicana LV732 promastigotes, T. cruzi Peru epimastigotes and Tritrichomonas foetus have been isolated and characterized using metabolic labelling and chromatographic and mass spectrometric (MS) techniques. TLC of the unsaponifiable lipid fractions of L. mex. mexicana and T. cruzi obtained from DEAE Sephadex A-25 followed by Iatrobead column chromatography showed three inositol phosphate-containing lipid components. [H-3]myo-inositol, [H-3]palmitic acid or (H3PO4)-P-32 lipid precursors were incorporated into these lipid components. Fraction 2 (LM2 and TCP-2) comprises inositol phosphate ceramides. The other two fractions appear to contain mono-O-alkyl and di-O-alkyl glycerol inositol phosphates. Lyso-1-O-alkyl phosphatidylinositols could be cleaved by treatment of PI-specific phosphalipase C. The di-O-alkyl-phospho inositols of these parasites being the first dialkylglycerol lipids reported from eukaryotic membranes raises the possibility of chemotherapy for leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis based upon functional impairment of alkyl ether lipids. Tritrichomonas foetus contains two major glycophosphosphingolipids, designated TF1 and TF2, which are metabolically labelled with [H-3]myo-inositol and (H3PO4)-P-32. Both lipids contained ceramides. The major ceramide contains the 18:0 and 18:1 bases and 16:0 N-acyl group. The major glycolipid fraction (TF1) contains fucose linked to inositol diphosphate; one of the phosphates being linked to the ceramide moiety, and the other to ethanolamine. TF1 appears to be a novel class of glycophosphosphingolipid, which may be a part of a membrane anchor.