HYPOSMOLARITY-INDUCED TAURINE RELEASE IN CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFUSION AND NOT WITH HIGH-AFFINITY TRANSPORT

The effects of hyposmotic conditions on taurine uptake and release were studied in mice cultured cerebellar granule cells. The effect of DIDS (4,4'diisothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonate) and of the divalent cations Mg++ and Mn++ on the hyposmolarity-induced changes in these parameters was investigated. Mg++ (20 mM) and Mn++ (5 mM) inhibited by 25% and 41%, respectively, the release of taurine observed in 30% hyposmolar media. DIDS (100-mu-M) inhibited this release by 46%. Taurine efflux evoked by 50% hyposmolar solutions was reduced about 40 % by Mg++ and 55 % by Mn++. Taurine uptake into the granule cells could be resolved into a high-affinity carrier-mediated component plus a nonsaturable diffusion component. The kinetic constants (K(m)) and V(max)) for the high-affinity uptake were unaffected by a 50% decrease in the osmolarity. The diffusion constant for the nonsaturable taurine uptake was increased from 1.5 x 10(-4) in isosmotic media to 4.6 x 10(-4) ml x min-1 x mg-1 in hyposmotic (50%) media. This increase in the diffusional component of taurine uptake elicited by the hyposmotic condition was inhibited approximately 25% by either 100 mu-M DIDS or 5 mM Mn++. These results strongly suggest that the increase in taurine release induced by swelling under hyposmotic conditions is mediated by a diffusional process and not by a reversal of the high-affinity taurine carrier.