THE PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VIRUS VECTOR AND OTHER GENERA OF MACROSTELINE LEAFHOPPERS, INCLUDING DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW TAXA (HOMOPTERA, CICADELLIDAE, DELTOCEPHALINAE)

Analysis of thirty-four macrosteline and twenty-eight non-macrosteline leafhopper genera (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) suggests that the ability to transmit plant viruses has arisen on at least three separate occasions within the Macrostelini. The tribe, including the Coryphaelini syn.n. and Balcluthini, is shown to be monophyletic. A revised diagnosis of the Macrostelini is presented, together with a key to genera. Five new genera and eight new species are described: Aderganna gen.n., Cicadabara gen.n. Kadrabolina gen.n., Masafuera gen.n. and Scaphosteles gen.n., Yamatotettix remanei sp.n., Masafuera oceanica sp.n., A derganna aethiopica sp.n., A. nigra sp.n., Scaphosteles nukahiva sp.n., Kadrabolina elongata sp.n., K.sinuata sp.n. and K.bispinosa sp.n. Four new combinations and five new synonymies are established: Cicadabara dorsalis (Osborn) comb.n., C.minuta (Osborn) comb.n., C.tintorella (Osborn) comb.n., Balclutha thea (Distant) comb.n., B.smaragdula Matsumura as a junior synonym of B.thea (Distant) syn.n., B.modesta Ahmed, Murtaza & Malik as a junior synonym of B.incisa (Matsumura) syn.n., B.karachiensis Ahmed, Murtaza & Malik as a junior synonym of B. rubrostriata (Melichar) syn.n., B. versicoloroides Ghauri as a junior synonym of B.sternalis (Distant) syn.n. and B.knighti Rao & Ramakrishnan as a junior synonym of B.sujawalensis Ahmed syn.n.