REPRODUCIBLE ELECTRODEPOSITION OF BIOMOLECULES FOR THE FABRICATION OF MINIATURE ELECTROENZYMATIC BIOSENSORS

A technique has been developed for reproducibly depositing an enzyme or other biomolecule onto the surface of a conductor. Specifically, glucose oxidase has been electrodeposited onto the surface of an electrode previously electroplated with platinum black. This deposition takes place without the assistance of an electropolymerizable matrix material such as polypyrrole. The deposition process does not require a time-consuming alignment step, characteristic of some deposition techniques utilizing photoimageable matrix materials; yet it results in the enzyme being precisely deposited only on the working electrode. The thickness of the resulting enzyme layer can be varied from angstroms to microns by varying the deposition parameters. With proper fixturing, potentially hundreds of sensors can be simultaneously coated with enzyme.