TYPOLOGY OF CULTURE IN GERMAN CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY

This article is devoted to the analysis of the typology of culture in German classical philosophy. The concept of typology is important to understand not only the ideas concerning culture which are typical of German classical philosophy, but also special aspects of functioning of culture as a whole. The article reviewed the concepts of typology in Kant's, Hegel's, Schelling's and Fichte's philosophies. All the philosophers related to this tradition suggest liberty as the criterion for the typology and its extension in society. All of them except Fichte point out three types of culture from ancient times to nowadays. Each type is connected with the degree of disclosure of the balanced rational relations, the law, the harmony between form and substance. The analysis of the approaches to this problem in German classical philosophy could help to understand the aspects of modern culture condition.