Neuropsychological impairment and brain damage in children and adolescents associated with preterm birth

被引:0
作者
Zubiaurre-Elorza, Leire [1 ]
Soria, Sara [1 ]
Junque, Carme [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
来源
ANUARIO DE PSICOLOGIA | 2013年 / 43卷 / 03期
关键词
Intelligence; preterm; neuroimaging; neuropsychology; magnetic resonance imaging;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Prematurity is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1977) as a delivery occurring before 37 completed weeks of gestation. White matter (WM) abnormalities and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) are the most prominent pathologies in the preterm neonate. Compared with their term-peers, children born preterm have lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores, although within the normal range. Moreover, domain-specific measures of neuropsychological abilities such as executive functions, visuoperceptual and linguistic skills are often impaired. Preterm children with PVL have a similar profile, with lower IQ scores and poorer executive functions, mental calculation and visuoperceptual skills than controls. Cerebral structural gray matter (GM) abnormalities that might contribute to the poor performance of preterm samples are localized in the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes. The cerebellum and deep gray matter structures such as the caudate nuclei, the thalami and the hippocampus are also altered. Over the past few years, magnetic resonance imaging and neuropathological studies have shown that, in addition to the classical WM injury seen in preterm samples with PVL, cortical and subcortical GM injury may also contribute to the impaired cognitive performance.
引用
收藏
页码:285 / 295
页数:11
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