The cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex disease in which heart and kidney are simultaneously affected resulting in accelerated progression of renal and myocardial damage. This study was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital in western Maharashtra. This was a prospective observational study which was conducted over one year duration in patients with diagnosis of CRS admitting in medical intensive care unit and medical wards. Total 110 (50.6 +/- 9.34 years) patients fulfilling criteria of cardio-renal syndrome were included in this study. Total 51.81% patients had type 1 CRS, 2.72% type 2, 10% type 3, 2.72% type 4 and 27.27% had type 5 CRS. Type 1 CRS was most common and next was type 5 CRS ('p' < 0.002). Total 15.45% patients presented with pulmonary edema, 22.72% with hypertension, 27.27% had type-2 diabetes mellitus, 8.18% with AKI, 10.90% with septicemia, 13.63% with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Total 50% patients had diastolic dysfunction. Significant proportion (more than one third) of population had hypertension, diabetes mellitus and or IHD as pre-existing co-morbidity in patient with diagnosis of CRS ('p' < 0.03). Total 79.09% patients with CRS received pharmacotherapy and 20.90% received ultrafiltration as a treatment modality. Overall case fatality rate for CRS was 8.18%. The present study highlighted majority of patient had type 1 and 5 cardiorenal syndrome. The significant number of patients with cardio-renal syndrome had diastolic dysfunction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Hypertensive heart disease and IHD and diastolic dysfunction with preserved LVF were the most common associated findings for type 1 cardiorenal syndrome. The use of CRS classification can help physicians to characterize groups of patients, provides the risk stratification, rationale and specific management for better outcome of CRS.
