Comparison of Two Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Haemodynamic Stability in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries

Background: Dexmedetomidine has gained its popularity in providing stable haemodynamics, with significant post operative analgesia and sedation in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries. Two different doses of dexmedetomidine boluses were used pre-operatively and studied the intra and postoperative effects. Aim & Objectives: To compare two doses (1.0 mu g/kg or 0.7 mu g/kg) of dexmedetomidine infusion administered pre-operatively with regards to their haemodynamic, sedative and analgesic effect in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries. To study the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine on postoperative analgesia. Material and Methods: 84 patients were randomly divided into two groups of 42 each. Group A received injection dexmedetomidine 1 mu g/kg, while group B received 0.7 mu g/kg; as an intravenous bolus dose in 48 ml NS over 15 min in preanesthesia room. Parameters assessed were Heart Rate (HR), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP), Saturation of Oxygen (SpO(2)), End Tidal Carbon Dioxide (Et CO), Respiratory Rate (RR); perioperatively, at regular intervals. In the postoperative period, intramuscular injection diclofenac 75 mg was used as a rescue analgesic. Postoperative pain and level of sedation were gauged with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and Ramsay scale respectively. Observations and Results: The hemodynamic stability, level of sedation achieved were better with Group A. The duration of post extubation analgesia observed in group A was significantly (P=0.01) more. The adverse events noted in both the groups were very few. Conclusion: We hereby conclude that dexmedetomidine in a dose of 1 mu g/kg as pre operative bolus dose in patients undergoing lapararoscopic surgeries gives better haemodynamic stability, post operative analgesia, sedation and reduction in the dose of inhalational anesthetic agent compared to 0.7 mu g/kg dose without increase in the incidence of adverse effects.