Nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) partially purified from human liver stimulated human microsomal cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity. Addition of the nsLTP preparation to the reaction mixture enhanced the activity two-fold. Treatment of the nsLTP preparation with anti-rat nsLTP antiserum, which cross-reacts with human nsLTP, reduced the 7-alpha-hydroxylase-stimulating ability. These observations suggested that nsLTP plays a role in regulating the 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity in the human liver. 7-alpha-Hydroxylase activity in eight patients with cholesterol gallstones (4.7 +/- 1.6 pmol/min per mg microsomal protein) was significantly lower than that in five controls (7.9 +/- 3.4) (P < 0.05). The amount of nsLTP in the cytosolic fraction (105 000 x g supernatant) of human liver was determined by dot-blotting immunoquantitation with the antiserum. The cytosolic level of nsLTP in the liver of the patients (716 +/- 239 cpm/3-mu-g protein) was higher than that in the controls (438 +/- 184) although the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. This suggested that control of the cytosolic level may be affected in patients with cholesterol gallstones.
