Removal of methylene blue from industrial wastewater in Palestine using polysiloxane surface modified with bipyrazolic tripodal receptor

Different pollutants from industries leach every day to soil and ground waters without treatment. The product N,N-bis (3,5-Dimethylpyrazol-1-yl methyl)-3-aminopropyl Polysiloxane (Si-C(3)H(6)NPz(2)) was successfully prepared. The FTIR results confirmed that the dimethylpyrazole units have been immobilized onto the surface of the modified silica gel. The adsorption experiments were conducted for a wide range of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, initial concentration and contact time. It was observed that the percentage removal of methylene blue dye decreased with an increase initial concentration and temperature while it increased with increase in solution pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. Over 82% removal efficiency of methylene blue dye was achieved after 180 min at solution pH around 10, 20 degrees C temperature, 0.25 g weight of dose and initial concentration of 15 mg/L of 50mL MB dye solution. Negative.G values (-17.17 to -17.25 KJ/mol) indicate that the adsorption is favorable and spontaneous at these temperatures. The negative value of Delta H degrees (-16.66 KJ/mol) reflects an exothermic adsorption and indicates that the adsorption is favored at low temperature. The value of Delta H degrees was higher than those corresponding to physical adsorption. This would suggest that the adsorption process is chemical in nature. The small positive value of Delta S degrees (+1.78 J/mol. K) suggests that some structural changes occur on the adsorbent and the randomness at the solid/liquid interface in the adsorption system increases during the adsorption process. The results of the present study show that the prepared compound has a negative biological activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aurous, and Escherichia coli.