PISA in the OECD Directorate for Education PISA as a Governance Instrument of International Education Policies

Since the introduction of PISA, the number and scope of PISA publications and materials have grown steadily. New forms of data analysis have been used since PISA 2009 by the OECD Directorate for Education in order to stronger link PISA to policy advice. It involves in particular system level analysis and the identification and promotion of best practices. A critical view should however be taken with regard to these practices as they imply causal claims which are scientifically unjustified.