PARENTAL CARE IN SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPERS CALIDRIS-PUSILLA - BROOD DESERTION BY FEMALES

Although Semipalmated Sandpipers Calidris pusilla are monogamous, with biparental incubation, most females (86-97%) deserted their broods to the care of their mates, 0-11 days (average 6) after their eggs hatched. Males left the brood an average of 8 days later, shortly before or after the chicks fledged. In several instances, females that deserted in one year remained with the chicks the next year, and vice versa. Females deserted chicks at nests that hatched later in the season at an earlier age than those had hatched earlier (r2 > 0.6). Since females appeared to have an energy deficit in at least some years, and suffered higher mortality rates than males during breeding, it is possible that females deserted broods in order to take advantage of better feeding conditions at migratory stopovers in northeastern North America early in the season. There was little evidence of higher nesting success or earlier hatching date in reuniting pairs, although if both members of a pair returned to the breeding area, 80% reunited. Increased survival of their mate may be most advantageous to males in ensuring that they obtain a female the following year.