MONITORING INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE OF HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) IN PAKISTAN

Laboratory bioassays (a leaf dip method) on Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), collected from 1991 through 1993 from the riverine belt of Pakistan, demonstrated that this insect pest has developed a moderate to high level of resistance to cypermethric and monocrotophos compared with a susceptible laboratory strain. Resistance to endosulfan was moderate. We also found low level of resistance to chlorpyrifos, profenofos, and thiodicarb. We recommend a rotational strategy involving the pesticides having low resistance and different modes of action, along with other integrated pest management tactics, to manage insecticide resistance in H. armigera in Pakistan.