Effect of Non-Surgical Therapy and Adjunctive Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - Randomized, Double-Blind Study

Background. Epidemiological studies have shown diabetes to be a risk factor for periodontitis. Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD 20 mg bid), when prescribed as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP), significantly improved clinical parameters in treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis and no risk factors for periodontitis. Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of SDD as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP), in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis (CP). Material and Methods. A total of 38 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. After scaling and root planning (SRP), the SRP + SDD group received SDD, 20 mg bid during 3 months, whereas the SRP + placebo group received placebo bid for the same period of time. Efficacy parameters included the per-patient mean changes in clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and approximal plaque index (API) from baseline to 90 days. Results. CAL, PD and BOP improved significantly in both groups after 3 months therapy. SRP + SDD group demonstrated greatest clinical improvements following treatment but statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05) was observed only in probing depth improvements in tooth sites with initial PD >= 4 mm. Conclusions. The administration of SDD 20 mg bid enhances therapeutic outcomes compared with SRP alone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis