Anthropometric and functional characteristics of Colombian elite long-distance runners

Objective: To evaluate the anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of elite long-distance runners. Methods: A cross-sectional study in 19 male competitive long-distance runners of national level (age 28.2 +/- 6.9 years). A total of 24 anthropometric variables were measured according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) statements. The Heath-Carter method and the formula proposed by Siri, Matiegka, Jackson and Pollock were used to calculate the somatotype and the body composition, respectively. Ergospirometry VO(2) max, Vertical Jump Test and the Wingate Test were used as functional indicators. Results: Regarding body composition, we found fat mass percentage 13.3 +/- 3.2; muscle mass 47.3 +/- 2.5%, and body adiposity index 24.1 +/- 3.3. Somatotype profile was the mesomorphic-balanced (3.6-4.0-2.1). Mean values of functional tests with their standard deviations were: VO(2) max (mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) 42.6 +/- 8.1; anaerobic power 106.0 +/- 31.8 kg.s(-1), and anaerobic capacity 6501.0 +/- 1831.6 K/jul. Conclusion: These results may provide a profile of long-distance runners that can be used as training targets for developing athletes. The results may also provide information for training and tactical emphasis.