HOW MONKEYS FEEL ABOUT THE WORLD - A REVIEW OF HOW-MONKEYS-SEE-THE-WORLD

From a biological perspective the two great themes in the evolution of behavior are 'wanting' and 'knowing'. ... And surely it will be apparent that these themes are interwoven throughout evolution. Knowledge, for the vast majority of organisms, is pragmatic and utilitarian: Animals are prepared to know what they need to know ... (Mason, 1979, p. 225). The intermingling of cognition and affect in signaling behavior ... greatly enriches its communicative content. A signaling system totally devoid of affect would be significantly impoverished (Marler, 1984, p. 362). The evolution of ritualized signal movements or structures from their precursors is the product of coevolution between ... roles. We have termed these roles 'manipulator' and 'mindreader'. The manipulator role is selected to alter the behaviour of others to its advantage, the mindreader role to anticipate the future behaviour of others (Krebs and Dawkins, 1984, p. 401). © 1994.