Does competitive swimming affect lung growth?

被引:22
作者
Bovard, Joshua M. [1 ]
Welch, Joseph F. [1 ]
Houghton, Kristin M. [2 ]
McKenzie, Donald C. [1 ,3 ]
Potts, James E. [2 ]
Sheel, Andrew William [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Sch Kinesiol, Thunderbird Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
[2] Univ British Columbia, Div Pediat, Fac Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[3] Univ British Columbia, Div Sports Med, Fac Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
swim; exercise; lung growth; puberty; ventilatory constraints;
D O I
10.14814/phy2.13816
中图分类号
Q4 [生理学];
学科分类号
071003 ;
摘要
Whether the large lungs of swimmers result from intensive training or genetic endowment has been widely debated. Given that peak lung growth velocities occur during puberty, this study examined if competitive swimming during puberty affected lung growth. Eleven- to fourteen-year-old healthy female competitive swimmers and controls were assessed before (PRE) and after (POST) one swimming season (7.4 +/- 0.5months). Pulmonary function testing included lung volumes, spirometry, diffusion capacity (D-L,D-CO), and maximal inspiratory (PIMAX) and expiratory (PEMAX) pressures. Ventilatory constraints, including end-expiratory lung volume, expiratory flow limitation, and utilization of ventilatory capacity, were assessed during an incremental cycling test. Swimmers (n=11) and controls (n=10) were of similar age, size, and sexual maturity (P>0.05). However, swimmers compared to controls had a greater total lung capacity (PRE 4.73 +/- 0.73 vs. 3.93 +/- 0.46, POST 5.08 +/- 0.68 vs. 4.19 +/- 0.64L; P<0.01), peak expiratory flow (PRE 6.48 +/- 0.92 vs. 5.70 +/- 0.86, POST 6.97 +/- 0.84 vs. 6.00 +/- 0.77Ls(-1); P=0.03), and PEMAX (P<0.001). Although D-L,D-CO was greater in swimmers (P=0.01), differences were attenuated when expressed relative to alveolar volume (PRE 5.14 +/- 0.60 vs. 5.44 +/- 0.44, POST 4.91 +/- 0.56 vs. 5.16 +/- 0.38mLmin(-1)mmHg(-1)L(-1); P=0.20). The groups achieved a similar maximal oxygen uptake (P=0.32), and ventilatory constraints experienced were not different (P>0.05). Changes over time were not different between groups (P>0.05). At the initial measurement, pubertal female swimmers had greater lung size, expiratory flows, and indices of respiratory muscle strength, but similar ventilatory constraints while cycling. One competitive swimming season did not further accentuate this enhanced lung size and function or alter ventilatory mechanics, suggesting that competitive swimming during puberty did not affect lung growth.
引用
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页数:13
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