Counting Non-Isomorphic Maximal Independent Sets of the n-Cycle Graph

The number of maximal independent sets of the n-cycle graph C-n is known to be the nth term of the Perrin sequence. The action of the automorphism group of C-n on the family of these maximal independent sets partitions this family into disjoint orbits, which represent the non-isomorphic (i.e., defined up to a rotation and a reflection) maximal independent sets. We provide exact formulas for the total number of orbits and the number of orbits having a given number of isomorphic representatives. We also provide exact formulas for the total number of unlabeled (i.e., defined up to a rotation) maximal independent sets and the number of unlabeled maximal independent sets having a given number of isomorphic representatives. It turns out that these formulas involve both Perrin and Padovan sequences.