Renal angiomyolipoma. Case report

Renal angiomyolipoma is a benign tumor composed of smooth muscle cells, adipose tissue and abnormal blood vessels. It is a rare tumor, representing only 1% to 2% of all tumors in the kidney with an incidence of approximately 0.3-3%. Most cases are sporadic (approximately 80%) and is usually diagnosed in adults with an average age of 40 years. It affects predominantly females with a female to male ratio of 4:1. In tumors less than 4 cm, the majority of patients are asymptomatic and the diagnosis is incidental. The triad including lower back pain, palpable mass and hematuria is infrequently present. The treatment of renal angiomyolipomas measuring less than 4 cm, in most cases, is conservative. In symptomatic patients and in tumors greater than 4 cm, selective arterial embolization or partial/radical nephrectomy is recommended. The objective of this article is to describe the clinical and pathological features of renal angiomyolipomas since our review of the regional and national scientific literature did not revealed much information about this interesting tumor.