A Novel Multihop Energy Efficient Heterogeneous Clustered Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

Research on wireless sensor networks has been studied and employed in many applications such as medical monitoring, automotive safety, and many more. Typically, sensor nodes have several issues such as limited battery life, short radio transmission range and small memory speed. However, the most severe constraint of the nodes is their limited battery energy because they cease to function when their battery deplete. In this paper, we have proposed a new cluster based energy efficient routing protocol to obtain the optimal path for data transmission between cluster heads and the base station for sparse heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. To analyze the lifetime of the network, we have assumed three types of sensor nodes, primarily with different energy levels. We have evaluated and compared the performance of protocols through simulations. Simulation results show that our protocol offers a much better performance than the existing protocols in terms of stability, network lifetime and energy efficiency.