THE DICTIONARY OF THE COMMON INTERPRETATION OF RUSSIAN WORDS: THE CONCEPTION AND THE EXPERIENCE OF ITS IMPLEMENTING

The paper introduces a new form of explanatory dictionaries and its specific embodiment ''The Dictionary of the Common Interpretation of Russian Words'', the first volume of which was published by the Publishing House of Kemerovo State University, the story of its creation, theoretical and lexicographical conception and the principles its implementation. The dictionary summarizes the results of the mass experiment, which involved ordinary native speakers who were to solve the task of the representation of the Russian bionyms semantics (such as bison, flea, bean, beaver, beaver-cub, greyhound). It is a multi-faceted dictionary, which reflects the different layers of the word semantics which can appear in different communicative situations. The dictionary actualises two types of semantics (lexical and motivational) and three forms of its representation (definitional, associative and nominative-associative). Thus, the dictionary entry has six parts. The stimulus words were selected by the solid sampling from the Dictionary of the Russian Language by S.I. Ozhegov. Their total number was 980. About four thousand testees of different social groups and ages took part in the experiment. Each participant received a questionnaire with the stimulus words, and was to fill it by answering six questions within10-15 minutes. The dictionary entry, which contains the informants' replies, has the head stimulus word followed by the responses arranged in the order of their use frequency decreasing. The paper describes the technical parameters of the dictionary (principles of material collection, methods of its processing, the structure of the dictionary entry), it also contains a sample of a dictionary entry "Blackberry". The paper describes the conceptual features of the Dictionary of the Common Interpretation of Russian Words. Its purpose is to describe the communicative and cognitive experience of ordinary native speakers of Russian and the experience of metalinguistic reflections related to the explication of the ordinary native speakers in the form of naive lexicography. The dictionary answers the question about the kind of information a Russian word contains, the type of content associated with it for the ordinary native speakers of Russian. It makes it possible to look into the communicative memory of Russian speakers and answers the question about the real psychological meaning of the word, which is to some extent countered by its normative value. The dictionary has a linguistic and cultural character, as mass reactions reflect national and other group peculiar features of language community culture. The concluding part of the paper contains the program of the dictionary use in research practices and outlines the prospects of such type of dictionaries development.