Physician decision making in anticoagulating atrial fibrillation: a prospective survey of a physician notification system for atrial fibrillation detected on cardiac implantable electronic devices of patients at increased risk of stroke

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of a physician notification system for atrial fibrillation (AF) detected on cardiac devices, and to assess predictors of anticoagulation in patients with device-detected AF. Methods: In 2013, a physician notification system for AF detected on a patient's CIED [including pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices] was implemented, with a recommendation to consider oral anticoagulation in high-risk patients. We prospectively investigated the effectiveness of this system, and evaluated both patient and physician predictors of anticoagulation, as well as factors influencing physician decision making in prescribing anticoagulation. Both uni- and multivariable analysis as well as descriptive statistics were used in the analysis. Results: We identified 177 patients with device-detected AF, 126 with a CHADS(2) >= 2. Only 41% were prescribed anticoagulation at any point within 12 months. On multivariable analysis, stroke risk as predicted by CHADS(2) was not a predictor of anticoagulation. ASA use predicted a lower rate of anticoagulation (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.97, p = 0.04); physicians in practice for <20 years were more likely to prescribe anticoagulation (OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.28-8.93, p = 0.01); and physicians who believed both cardiologist and family doctor should be involved in managing anticoagulation were more likely to prescribe anticoagulation (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.02-10.5, p = 0.05). Conclusions: Patients on aspirin were less likely to be anticoagulated. Physicians in practice for <20 years and who believed that both the general practitioner and cardiologist should be involved in managing anticoagulants were more likely to prescribe anticoagulation.