Evaluation of airway responsiveness using colored three-dimensional analyses of a new forced oscillation technique in controlled asthmatic and nonasthmatic children

Background: Bronchodilator response (BDR) is routinely used in asthma management. A new forced oscillation technique (FOT) is able to quickly measure respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) at each tidal breath phase. The present study evaluated bronchial changes by using the new FOT. Methods: Respiratory resistance and reactance were measured using FOT in 132 children (age, 10.86 +/- 4.78 years; M:F=88:44), including asthmatic (n=98) and nonasthmatic children (n=34), pre-and post-bronchodilator inhalation in an asymptomatic state. Whole-breath or within-breath changes in Rrs and Xrs were measured and compared pre-and post-bronchodilator inhalation and between each group. All patients performed spirometry and forced expiratory nitric oxide pre-and post-bronchodilator inhalation. Results: Spirometric parameters showed significant positive changes at V-50 and V-75 in both groups; however, these changes were not significantly different between the groups. eNO was significantly higher in the asthmatic group than in the nonasthmatic group; however, there was no significant change pre-and post-inhalation in either group. Rrs in the asthma group was significantly higher in the expiratory phase than in the inspiratory phase. Rrs and Xrs before and after bronchodilator inhalation were significantly different in the asthma group alone, except for the expiratory-inspiratory phase of each of these parameters. Changes in Rrs and Xrs at 5 Hz (R5 and X5) in a whole-breath and the inspiratory phase were significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: Changes in X5 and R5 reflect bronchial reversibility. The new FOT is useful for asthmatic children. (C) 2013 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier E.V. All rights reserved.