Association between insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines among obese Saudi type 2 diabetic with vitamin D deficiency

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is now considered a public health problem around the world that is strongly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, vitamin D deficiency may play a role in mediating low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance among type 2 diabetic patients. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible relationship between inflammation, insulin resistance among obese Saudi type 2 diabetic with vitamin D deficiency. Materials and Methods: One hundred obese Saudi patients with T2DM (60 males and 40 females). Their age was 46.38 +/- 7.53 year, and a control group included one hundred healthy volunteers, who was gender and age matched. Results: Obese T2DM patients showed significantly higher glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c), Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMAIR) index, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein(CRP) in addition to significantly lower values of the quantitative insulinsensitivity check index (QUICKI) and 25(OH) vitamin D levels in comparison to controls. Serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and CRP showed an inverse relationship with QUICKI and a direct relationship with HOM-IR and HBA1c among obese Saudi type 2 diabetic with vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: Within the limit of there is an association between insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines among obese Saudi type 2 diabetic with vitamin D deficiency.