TRANSLOCATION OF MALE-FERTILITY AND ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE GENES FROM RYE CHROMOSOME 4R TO 2R IN SECALE-CEREALE L CV SOUTH AUSTRALIAN COMMERCIAL

The Cornerstone, mslc., an induced recessive male sterile mutant is located on the terminal end of the alpha-arm of chromosome 4A of hexaploid wheat. This male sterility character has been found to be compensated individually by South Australian rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes 2R and 4R. From the evolutionary point of view, only rye chromosome 4R was expected to compensate for the male sterility character of Cornerstone. Cornerstone-2R and Cornerstone-4R monosomic addition were separately isolated from the gametes of two different pollen parents. Cornerstone-2R monosomic was isolated from a pollen parent in which translocation between 2R/4R existed. The short arm of translocated 2R has gained a very small segment from the short arm of 4R having male fertility genes, hence, 2R can compensate for Cornerstone male sterility. An improved Giemsa C-banding technique was employed to detect translocation between 2R and 4R of South Australian Commercial rye.