Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Maximizing Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks using Fuzzy Logic and Immune System

Energy limitations has become fundamental challenge for designing wireless networks systems. One of the important and interested features is network lifetime. Many works have been developed to maximize wireless sensor network lifetime, in which one of the important work is routing. This paper proposes a new adaptive routing technique for prolonging the lifetime in wireless sensor networks by using Fuzzy-Immune System. The artificial immune system is used to solve the packet LOOP problem and to control route direction. While fuzzy logic system is used to determine the optimal path for sending data packets. The proposed routing technique seeks to determine the optimal route path from source to destination so that energy consumption is balanced. The proposed routing technique is compared with classical method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique shows significant increase in network lifetime of about 0.93. The proposed technique proved that energy consumption is well managed.