Spectral Features of Soil Organic Matter

The study on soil spectral reflectance features is the physical basis for soil remote sensing. Soil organic matter content influences the soil spectral reflectance dramatically. This paper studied the spectral curves between 400 nm similar to 2500 nm of 174 soil samples which were collected in Hengshan county and Yixing county. Fourteen types of transformations were applied to the soil reflectance R to remove the noise and to linearize the correlation between reflectance (independent variable) and soil organic matter (SOM) content (dependent variable). Then, the methods such as derivative spectrum technology and stepwise regression analysis, were applied to study the relationship between these soil spectral features and soil organic matter content. It shows that order 1 derivative of the logarithm of reflectance (O1DLA) is the most sensitive to SOM among the various transform types of reflectance in consideration. The regression model whose coefficient of determination reaches 0.885 is built. It predicted the soil organic matter content with higher effect.