Human embryonic stem cells in the treatment of patients with spinal cord injury

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological condition which paralyses the patient below the level of injury and could occur due to damage, infection and tumors. Presently, there is no cure for SCI. The treatment options used for SCI include corticosteroid (methylprednisolone sodium succinate), surgical interventions, and physiotherapy and lowering of body temperature. The research on treatment options for SCI has been shifted to cell-based therapies. Use of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been explored in animal models in which these cells have been found to hold a potential to repair and regenerate. Purpose: We wanted to assess the safety and efficacy of hESCs in the treatment of patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: Five patients who were either paraplegic or quadriplegic were treated with hESC therapy. Results: Following the treatment, all patients showed significant improvement in their sitting balance, control and sensation of bowel and bladder, power and movement of limbs (lower limbs and upper limbs). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: In conclusion, hESC is safe and effective therapy for SCI.