STUDY OF SERUM ADIPONECTIN LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS & ITS CORRELATION WITH BMI AND WAIST HIP RATIO

Adipose tissue is not simply an inert storage depot for lipids but an important endocrine organ. It secretes many hormones called Adipocytokines which include Adiponectin, which increase insulin sensitivity, has anti-inflammatory and anti atherogenic properties. OBJECTIVES: To study serum Adiponectin levels in type II DM individuals and compare the results with healthy controls and also to study the effect of BMI and WHR on serum Adiponectin levels. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study was carried out in seventy seven subjects who included 6 healthy male controls and 6 healthy female controls, 30 diabetic males and 35 diabetic female individuals. The healthy controls both male and female of age around 40 to 50 years (+5 years) were selected with no history of diabetes or hypertension. The study group were selected of the same age as the control group from the Outpatient Department, Diabetology unit, of our Medical College. Individuals Height, Weight and Waist Hip Ratio were measured and BMI was calculated with the formula - Weight in Kg/Height in m(2). Estimation of serum Adiponectin with Human Adiponectin/Acrp 30 Immunoassay by Solid-phase ELISA which employs - Quantitative Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay Technique. Plasma Glucose by GOD/POD method. RESULTS: The result shows that 1. Males have low levels of Adiponectin when compared to females which is not statistically significant and could be due to androgens like testosterone which inhibits the secretion of Adiponectin from adipocytes. 2. Comparison of serum Adiponectin levels in type 2 DM subjects and healthy controls shows statistically significant decrease in Serum Adiponectin levels (P Value < 0.05) in type II DM subjects. 3. Negative correlation between serum Adiponectin and WHR and BMI but it is not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Serum Adiponectin levels are decreased in Type II DM individuals. Adiponectin may be considered as one of the significant novel markers in future for detection of Diabetes and also administration of Adiponectin and regulation of its pathway represents a promising target for management of obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, Type II DM and vascular inflammation.