INTERNATIONAL LAW OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AS NEW BRANCH OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

被引:0
作者
Lisauskayte, Valentina Vlado [1 ]
机构
[1] Irkutsk State Univ, Irkutsk, Russia
来源
TOMSK STATE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL | 2012年 / 362期
关键词
natural disasters; technogenic failures; international cooperation; international law of emergencies;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Acts of nature, technogenic disasters occur with a certain periodicity in this or that point of our planet. It happens for different reasons: influence of the anthropogenous factor on environment, growth of population, infringement or absence of norms of building and technological safety, cyclic growth and recession of quantity of natural disasters, etc. These and many other reasons push the states to creation of systems of safety, systems of reaction to possible risks of various character. There is such a need within the international relations. Many countries have gradually generated the internal mechanism of management of disasters of natural and technogenic character. Scientific and technical achievements have played a greater role in this sphere. Use of scientific and technical achievements and exchange of experience of use are now one of the directions of cooperation of the states in the sphere of protection against various accidents. However, despite the presence of national systems of emergency management, the world faces the problem of the suffered state unable to cope with the consequences of disasters independently. During the 20th century the states generated the basic legal and organizational international mechanisms of interaction in the sphere of decreasing disasters of natural and technogenic character. The latest events in Japan in 2011 once again emphasize the importance of cooperation, the necessity of further development by the states of mechanisms of reaction to disasters of natural, technogenic and mixed character. The numerous examples of practice of the states and international organizations in activity in the sphere of disasters decrease testify to the formation of an independent branch of international law of emergency situations. Within the branch ''international law of emergencies'' it is correct to consider both of the specified above objects of legal regulation as now there already exists a legal mechanism that can be applied equally to anyone; and the interdependence of such objects concerning the possible risks is great. In fact, an act of nature can become a result of a technogenic disaster. The criteria confirming the opportunity of definition of a new branch of international law are the subject and the object of legal regulation, the sources and special attributes. Their description within the analysed interstate relations allows to ascertain gradual formation and development of the independent branch having the features and differences from other elements of the international legal system.
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页码:133 / +
页数:7
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