THE COMBINED ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE - RISKS AND ADVERSE-EFFECTS IN PERSPECTIVE

被引：16
作者：
BAGSHAW, S
机构：
[1] Manager Medical Services, New Zealand Family Planning Association, Southern Region, Christchurch
来源：
DRUG SAFETY | 1995年 / 12卷 / 02期
关键词：
D O I：
10.2165/00002018-199512020-00002
中图分类号：
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号：
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要：
The risks and adverse effects of the low dose, new generation progestogen combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are much lower than original studies involving pills containing 50 mu g estrogen. The main effects are those on the cardiovascular system, lipid and glucose metabolism and cancer. Any effect of the COC on myocardial infarction is probably minimal if the woman has no other risk factors especially smoking. The third generation progestogen, low dose COCs have very little effect on lipid or glucose metabolism. There may be a slight increase in breast cancer if COCs are used under the age of 25 years and for more than 4 to 8 years, and in the risk of cervical cancer. It is too early to estimate long term cancer effects of the newer COCs. Adverse effects such as nausea and breast tenderness can be managed by changing the estrogen dose or the type of progestogen. Overall, the clinical benefits of the COC probably outweigh the risks and adverse effects.
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页码：91 / 96
页数：6
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