COLORIMETRIC AND FLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

In this report are described 13 procedures allowing the colorimetric and fluorimetric determination of aldehydes and ketones. Eight of these methods make use of the reaction of the carbonyl group with the -NH2 group of an arylamine, a hydrazine or a hydrazone, giving rise to Schiff's bases, hydrazones or azines. In the two latter cases, further reactions, yielding a Meisenheimer type complex or a formazan derivative, allow very sensitive determinations. Two methods are based on the Hantzsch reaction, giving derivatives of dihydropyridine or decahydroacridine, which either absorb in the UV range or fluoresce. Through the Doebner-Miller reaction, a-methylene aldehydes give fluorescent derivatives of 7-aminoquinoline-5-carboxylic acid, whereas a-methylene ketones can be determined colorimetrically through the Zimmermann reaction. β-Diketones, reacting with o-phenylenediamine, give colored benzodiazepines. © 1979 IUPAC