Molybdenum rubidium phosphate, Rb2Mo2P2O11 has been synthesized and the growth of single crystals allowed its structure to be determined. This compound is isotypic with Tl2Mo2P2O11 and K2Mo2P2O11, and contains a framework built from M(2)P(2)O(15) units formed by one Mo2O11 group sharing four of its corners with two PO4 tetrahedra, leading to [Mo2P2O13]infinity chains running along c, or to [Mo2P2O13]infinity double layers. The [Mo2P2O11]infinity framework forms two different intersecting tunnels along [001] and [110] where the Rb+ ions are located. Although different from Rb1.5Mo2P2O11, the two structures exhibit some close relationships.