Blood lipids in patients with high and low physical activity depending on polymorphism of beta-2 and 3-adrenergic receptor genes

Background. The aim of the study was to investigate the lipid levels in patients with various physical activity and polymorphous variants of ADRB2 (Gln27Glu and Arg16Gly) and ADRB3 (Trp64Arg) genes. Material and methods. One hundred and fifty subjects were enrolled in the study; mean age was 44.7 +/- 8.9 y.o. Physical activity was assessed using Omron Walking style III step counter HJ-203-EK pedometer. Lipids were assessed via enzymatic method using Cormay reagent kit (Poland). Genotyping of polymorphous sites of ADRB2 (GIn27Glu, rs1042714 and Arg16Gly, rs1042713) and ADRB3 (Trp64Agr, rs4994) genes was performed using SNP-express-SHOT reagent kits manufactured by Litex Research and Production Company, via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. Individuals walking more than 5000 steps daily with Gly16Gly polymorphism had significantly higher blood lipids. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, LDL and HDL-cholesterol levels were 5.10 (3.86-5.74), 1.13 (0.66-1.51), 3.28 (2.14-3.70), 1.43 (1.32-1.63) mmol/L in Arg16 group and 5.55 (5.23-6.96), 1.56 (0.45-2.02), 3.87 (3.09-4.46) and 1.30 (1.13-1.68) mmol/L in Gly16Gly group. The differences in lipid parameters were established for polymorphous variants of ADRB3 gene in patients walking more than 5000 steps daily. In Trp54 carriers, TC, triglycerides, LDL and HDL-cholesterol levels were 5.23 (4.00-5.69), 1.25 (0.80-1.56), 3.25 (2.22-3.80) and 1.41 (1.26-1.53) mmol/L, respectively. In 54Arg carriers group, lipids were significantly higher: TC 5.74 (5.59-6.88), triglycerides 1.51 (1.03-1.90), LDL-cholesterol 3.78 (3.38-5.06) and HDL-cholesterol 1.68 (1.13-1.81) mmol/L. Conclusion. This analysis suggests that carriers of Arg16 of ADRB2 gene and/or Trp54 of ADRB3 gene tend to have lower lipid parameters when they have high physical activity (walking more than 5000 steps a day) in comparison to carriers of 16Gly and/or 54Agr. There is no association between lipids level and ADRB2 (Gln27Glu and Arg16Gly) and ADRB3 (Trp64Agr) polymorphisms when individuals have low physical activity (walking less than 5000 steps a day).