Stability-indicating method development and validation for quantitative estimation of organic impurities of the antidiabetic drug glipizide in drug substance and pharmaceutical dosage form using HPLC

Glipizide is an antidiabetic drug used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. A simple, reliable and robust reverse-phase liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) was developed and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization Q2(R1) for estimating the impurities of glipizide in pharmaceutical formulations. The chromatographic separation was carried out on a Phenomenex Luna C-18 (2), 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 mu m with a binary solvent delivery system [MP-A, a homogenous mixture of water and acetonitrile in a ratio of 90:10 (v/v) and 1 ml of orthophosphoric acid; and MP-B, a homogenous mixture of water and acetonitrile in a ratio of 10:90 (v/v) and 1 ml of orthophosphoric acid] with a detection wavelength of 225 nm, a column temperature of 30 degrees C, a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min, and an injection volume of 20 mu l. All process, degradant and unknown impurities were separated well with a resolution >2.2 and were estimated accurately without any interference. The recovered values and regression values were 98.7-100.5% and R-2 > 0.9999, respectively. The recovery and linearity studies covered the quantitation limit to 150% of the specification limit. The stability-indicating properties of the developed RP-HPLC method was assessed from the forced degradation studies. The developed method was successfully applied for real-time sample analysis of the glipizide dosage form.