Nosocomial urinary tract infections: a review

被引:55
作者
Iacovelli, Valerio [1 ]
Gaziev, Gabriele [1 ]
Topazio, Luca [1 ]
Bove, Pierluigi [1 ]
Vespasiani, Giuseppe [1 ]
Agro, Enrico Finazzi [1 ]
机构
[1] Tor Vergata Univ, Dept Urol, Rome, Italy
关键词
Urinary tract infections; Nosocomially acquired urological infections; Catheter; associated urinary tract infections;
D O I
10.5301/uro.5000092
中图分类号
R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Nosocomial urinary tract infections are a common complication in healthcare systems worldwide. A review of the literature was performed in June 2014 using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) database, through either PubMed or Ovid as a search engine, to identify publications regarding nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTIs) definition, epidemiology, etiology and treatment. According to current definitions, more than 30% of nosocomial infections are urinary tract infections (UTIs). A UTI is defined 'nosocomial' (NUTI) when it is acquired in any healthcare institution or, more generally, when it is related to patient management. The origin of nosocomial bacteria is endogenous (the patient's flora) in two thirds of the cases. Patients with indwelling urinary catheters, those undergoing urological surgery and manipulations, long-stay elderly male patients and patients with debilitating diseases are at high risk of developing NUTIs. All bacterial NUTIs should be treated, whether the patient is harboring a urinary catheter or not. The length of treatment depends on the infection site. There is abundance of important guidance which should be considered to reduce the risk of NUTIs (hand disinfection with instant hand sanitizer, wearing non-sterile gloves permanently, isolation of infected or colonized catheterized patients). Patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria can generally be treated initially with catheter removal or catheter exchange, and do not necessarily need antimicrobial therapy. Symptomatic patients should receive antibiotic therapy. Resistance of urinary pathogens to common antibiotics is currently a topic of concern.
引用
收藏
页码:222 / 227
页数:6
相关论文
共 43 条
[1]  
ASHER EF, 1988, AM SURGEON, V54, P466
[2]  
Bjerklund Johansen TE, 2007, EUR UROL, V51, P1100, DOI DOI 10.1016/J.EURUR0.2006.08.012
[3]   Nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTI) in adult patients: Consensus conference 2002, short text [J].
Botto, H ;
Aho, LS ;
Boiteux, JP ;
Brion, JP ;
Brougui, P ;
Chartier-Kastler, E ;
Dupon, M ;
Jehl, F ;
Jonquet, O ;
Legrain, S ;
Marmonier, A ;
Mimoz, O ;
Rothan-Tondeur, M ;
Rousselot, F .
MEDECINE ET MALADIES INFECTIEUSES, 2003, 33 :218S-222S
[4]   A European perspective on nosocomial urinary tract infections II.: Report on incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome (ESGNI-004 study) [J].
Bouza, E ;
San Juan, R ;
Muñoz, P ;
Voss, A ;
Kluytmans, J .
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, 2001, 7 (10) :532-542
[5]  
EUCAST, 2000, CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC, V6, P570
[6]  
European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) of the European Society of, 2000, CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC
[7]   MEATAL COLONIZATION AND CATHETER-ASSOCIATED BACTERIURIA [J].
GARIBALDI, RA ;
BURKE, JP ;
BRITT, MR ;
MILLER, WA ;
SMITH, CB .
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1980, 303 (06) :316-318
[8]   CDC DEFINITIONS FOR NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS, 1988 [J].
GARNER, JS ;
JARVIS, WR ;
EMORI, TG ;
HORAN, TC ;
HUGHES, JM .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 1988, 16 (03) :128-140
[9]   Guideline for Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections 2009 [J].
Gould, Carolyn V. ;
Umscheid, Craig A. ;
Agarwal, Rajender K. ;
Kuntz, Gretchen ;
Pegues, David A. .
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2010, 31 (04) :319-326
[10]  
Grabe M, 2014, GUIDELINES UROLOGICA