A study was conducted in children under five years old, in order to establish the association between the mother's work and the severity of unintentional injuries. The study was carried out at the emergency room of six pediatric hospitals in Mexico City. Cases were children with major injuries that required hospitalization, intensive care, surgery, or who died as a result of the injury. Controls were children of similar age, with minor injuries resolved at the emergency room. Sample size was 350 cases and 350 controls. Variables were grouped according to: mother's occupation; characteristics of the child, socioeconomic status, child care, and those related with home risk factors. Results showed a protective effect on severity of injuries when the mother worked outside home in comparison to mothers who do not work, (OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.57-1.07). No differences were found with respect to sex and age of children. Mother age under 24 years old and low schooling (<3 years of elementary school) were statistically significant with a risk of major injuries (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.5-3.4). Delay of demand of medical cave after 60 minutes of injury occurrence is related with a risk of major injury (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.2-2.3). No differences related with household risk factors weve found. Results provide valuable information about risk factors related with injury severity and the association with mother's work.
